Family Tips

International group of scientists from America, Sweden and Netherlands has made an unusual opening - monoovular twins are not absolutely identical, they have distinctions at a genetic level.

“In spite of the fact, that as a whole genomes of monoovular twins are very close, there are small distinctions in almost all the casesâ€?, - inform heads of the research Yang Dumansky and Karl Bruder.

Earlier scientists believed, that if one of monoovular twins fell serious ill, and the other remained healthy, it happened under the influence of an environment. Now experts have found out, that it not so.

Researchers have found out, that one of two twins may have certain fragment of DNA, while the other doesn’t have it.

Though experts mark also that fact, that somatic cells are really subject to influence of an environment, therefore it is impossible to assert confidently that distinctions are congenital.

In America levels of premature births steadily increase, mark experts.

Coefficients of premature births have considerably increased in the USA, since 2005. An intensive increase in these levels for the last year emphasizes urgent need in development of effectual measures on prevention of premature birth risks, are sure experts of the research center March of Dimes. Physicians remind, that prematurely born babies frequently die during the first month of their life, and the rest children are at risk of respiratory disorders, physiologic jaundice, slow brain development and difficulties of feeding.

According to the American National center of health statistics, the percentage of babies who have been given birth earlier than 37 weeks continues to increase diligently. Now in the USA more than 525 thousand children (12,7 %) were born before the put term. By the end of this year, by estimation, this level achieve 12,8 %, and 543 thousand kids will face certain problems of physical and intellectual development. Since 1990 the level of premature birth in the country has increased for 20 %, have fixed the American researchers. In their opinion, such parameters obviously speak about serious reproductive crisis of demography. Besides, in 2005 high level of premature births cost for the national public health services 26 billion dollars. Medical expenses for prematurely born children are approximately 10 times more, than for healthy kids.

Passive smoking at a very young age considerably increases risk of development of food and respiratory allergy later, inform Swedish researchers in an article published in magazine Thorax.

As it appeared, smoking during pregnancy did not influence on atopic sensitization of babies (an initial stage of allergy), whereas babies whose mothers smoked at their presence, already in the age of 2 months had twice high probability of development of allergy to cat’s wool (antibody Е in their blood twice more often jointed allergen of cat’s wool), and in the age of 4 years had 1,5 times higher probability of food allergy, inform Eva Lannero (Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm) and her colleagues.

Aggression and irritability peculiar to some teenagers, is connected to features of limbic system structure of a brain, which participates in regulation of emotions.

In the research, conducted by experts from the University of Melbourne, participated 137 boys and girls in the age of from 11 till 14 years. Teenagers and their parents were offered to discuss such painful themes for them, as time of going to bed, restrictions of access to the Internet and housework. Behavior of participants, in particular such parameters as aggression and anxiety, were estimated with the help of a special scale. Then teenagers were MRI-scanned and experts estimated state of limbic system structures.

It was found out, that aggressive teenagers of both sexes had double increase of amygdaloid body, responsible for impulsiveness.

In scientists’ opinion, inability of teenagers to control their emotions and behavior can be explained by immaturity of corresponding brain structures. They fully develop only by 20 years, informed head of the research Nicholas Allen.

The food-stuffs rich with Omega-3 fat acids protect children with hereditary predisposition from diabetes of the 1 type. Fat fish, walnuts, linen oil and other sources of Omega-3 fat acids allows to lower risk of the youthful diabetes twice, informs Journal of the American Medical Association. Scientific from University of Colorado have studied influence of such diet on the state of health of children.

Research has proceeded for 12 years. For the period of these studies 58 children have fallen ill with diabetes. It was found out, that children who have regularly eaten products rich with Omega-3 fat acids, 55 % less often fell ill with diabetes of the 1 type, informed head of the research Jill Norris.

The mechanism of protective action of Omega-3 fat acids isn’t precisely known. It is supposed, that they influence upon the enzymes participating in development of an inflammation. The last is considered one of the starting factors of diabetes of the 1 type.

Official research in the Great Britain has shown that mothers who have regularly eaten peanuts, give birth to babies with very low risk of allergy.

Initially scientists advised future mums to refuse peanuts, as it ostensibly is injurious to health of the future kid. However last careful researches have proved completely opposite, informs The Age.

Researchers advise to refuse peanuts completely only to those with individual food intolerance. Symptoms of nut allergy can be revealed very easily: almost at once appear red stains on the face, pustules in a mouth and a dyspnea.

New researches have shown that juices can cause teeth demineralization in children faster than soda drinks. Experts of children’s stomatology have studied the most popular drinks and found out, that grapefruit, orange and apple juices are more dangerous than various colas.

Enamel demineralization is directly connected with titrated acidity of drinks. Erosion of enamel also depends on temperature of drinks. As any other chemical reactions, this process will be sped up at the increased temperature. Therefore cold drinks damage enamel less.
Authors of the research assumed that in Europe people are more subject to enamel erosion rather than in the USA, because in America drinks are always served with ice. And though the American teenagers drink more soda water, they have fewer problems with teeth demineralization.

Researchers recommend patients with erosion drinking through straws, also using fluorid conditioners and gels.

Strong stress experienced by future mother during the early pregnancy, raises risk of schizophrenia in the child, informs edition Archives of General Psychiatry.

Scientists from University of Aarhus used the data of about 1,38 million deliveries, fixed in the Danish national register in the period from 1973 to 1995. Using the data of the register, head of the research Preben Bo Mortensen and his colleagues have specified almost 22 thousand women, who have experienced death of the spouse or other close relative, and 14 thousand future mothers, whose close relatives were diagnosed cancer heart attack or an insult. Then scientists have tracked destiny of these women’s children.

It was found out, that children of these women 67 % more often fell ill with schizophrenia. Death of the relative at the late pregnancy, as well as the news about illness of the close person, did not influence risk of schizophrenia, informed researchers.

In the researchers’ opinion, hormones, generated by an organism of a future mother in reply to stress, can influence fetus’ brain developing.

Baby lotions, shampoos and powders can lead to high levels of chemicals in an organism potentially dangerous to health. American researchers have found out that using of this products twice increased phthalate content in children’s urine, informs magazine Pediatrics.

Phthalates have hormone-like action, suppressing production of a man’s hormone testosterone. The previous researches have shown that these substances prevent normal development of genitals and can cause disorders of reproductive function both in boys, and girls.

Cosmetics’ manufacturers usually do not specify phthalate content on labels. Meanwhile, the given researches testify, that baby cosmetics quite often contains various phthalates, which can get in an organism of the child through the skin, informed head of the research Sheela Sathyanarayana.
In the report scientists recommended parents to limit use of baby lotions and powders to medical indications.

WHO has determined new standards of kids’ weight and growth.

Until recently normal weight parameters of one-year-old child was within 10,2-12,93 kg; according to the new norms kids should weigh from 9,53 kg to 11,79 kg. Why?

The matter is that norms-criteria existing up to this day have been made more 20 years ago and were based mainly on the data of artificial fed children. Such children, as it is known, grow and put on weight faster. Then it has pushed experts to recommend raised standards of weight. That, in opinion of the World Health Organization, gave rise to unreasonable recommendations on supplementary feeding and overfeeding, which led to adiposity.

New tables are based on the results of measuring and weighing of 8440 breast-fed children from 6 countries of the world. Such children put on weight more slowly. The data received by scientists have shown, that former standards of weight have been too high.